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Expressions & Literals

Basic values and variable access in templates.

Literals​

Output literal values directly:

{42}              // Integer
{3.14}            // Double
{"hello"}         // String
{true}            // Boolean
{false}           // Boolean
{null}            // Null

Quotes & String Escaping​

There are four different double quote characters recognized by the templating language: ", ”, „, “

All four double quote characters can be mixed and matched when defining string literals.

{„My start and end quotes are different.“}  // "My start and end quotes are different."
{„He said \"Escape the quotes!\"“}          // 'He said "Escape the quotes!"'

Variables​

Reference variables from your data, define new ones, or assign existing ones:

{name}
{invoice.total}
{var totalWithTax = invoice.total * 1.2}
{do invoice.total = totalWithTax} // This works for mutable properties or properties with setters.

Property Access​

Use dot notation to access nested properties:

{person.address.street}
{company.contact.email}

This works uniformly for maps, data classes, records, and POJOs with getters.

Optional Access​

Use .? for safe navigation that returns null instead of throwing when a property doesn't exist:

{person.?address.?street}

If address is null, the entire expression returns null rather than failing.

Truthiness​

Values are evaluated as truthy or falsy in conditionals:

Falsy values:

  • null
  • false
  • Empty strings ""
  • Zero numbers (0, 0.0)
  • Empty collections

Truthy values:

  • Everything else